Ibyishimo byihariye, ubutunzi no kuramba
Ibisobanuro
Fu, Lu na Shou nibintu bitatu bidapfa by imyizerere yabaturage ya Han, bishushanya umunezero, ibyiza no kuramba."Ibyishimo no Kuramba", "Ibyishimo no Kuramba" na "Mugisha Inyenyeri" ni indamutso izwi cyane mu bantu.[1] Fu, wambaye ingofero yemewe kandi ufashe jade Ruyi cyangwa ufashe umwana mu ntoki, ni umwami wa mbere w’umuyobozi wo mu ijuru, aho umugisha wo mu ijuru akomoka;Lu, afite Ruyi mu ntoki, bisobanura ibiro byo hejuru n'umushahara munini;Shou, ubwanwa bwera, afashe inkoni yumutwe wikiyoka kandi afite pach, bisobanura kuramba.
♦ "Fuxing", izwi kandi ku izina rya "Imana y'ibyishimo", yitwa "Umwami w'abami wa Ziwei" muri Taoism.Ashinzwe gukwirakwiza imigisha yabantu, kandi yubahwa cyane mubantu.Ishusho ye isa nkaho Zhao Gongming, imana yubutunzi.Numukire ufite ikirere cyuzuye na pawioni kare.Bavuga ko imana y'ibyishimo yashyizweho na Daozhou (ubu ni Intara ya Hunandao) yo ku ngoma ya Tang nyuma y'urupfu rwe.
♦ "Lu Xing", uzwi kandi ku izina rya "Wenchang Star", ni umutagatifu w'intiti kandi ashinzwe kuba icyamamare, ubutunzi n'amahirwe ku isi.Hamwe na sisitemu yo gusuzuma ibwami, yatangiye kubahwa nabantu.Ishusho ye ni nk'iy'umuyobozi mukuru w'urukiko rw'ibwami.Bavuga ko Zhang Yazi, "Imana ya Zitong", azwi kandi ku izina rya "Umwami w'abami Wenchang".
♦"Inyenyeri yo kuramba", izwi kandi ku izina rya "Inyenyeri ya kera ya Antaragitika", ni imana yo kuramba.Abantu benshi bemeza ko Peng Zu umaze igihe kinini abaye "inyenyeri y'amavuko" nyuma y'urupfu rwe.Igitekerezo cyimbitse cy "isabukuru y'amavuko" ni uko afite uruhanga runini, abantu benshi bemeza ko ari ishusho yakozwe nubuhanga bwa kera bwo kubungabunga ubuzima.Kurugero, umutwe wa crane yambitswe ikamba ritukura, wafatwaga nkikimenyetso cyo kuramba nabantu ba kera, urazamuka cyane.Byongeye kandi, abantu bamwe bemeza ko ari ikimenyetso cyubuzima bushya, kuko uruhanga rwumwana rugaragara cyane kubera umusatsi muke.
Ubushinwa bwibirahure bifite amateka maremare.Byanditswe kera nkingoma ya Shang na Zhou.Ikirahure nubuhanzi bwagaciro.Ariko, mumyaka yashize, umubare munini wibicuruzwa bihenze "ibirahuri byamazi" byagaragaye ku isoko.Mubyukuri, iki nigicuruzwa "cyigana ikirahure", ntabwo ari ikirahure nyacyo.Abaguzi bagomba gutandukanya ibi.
Uburyo bwo gukora ibirahure bya kera biragoye cyane.Bisaba inzira nyinshi kugirango urangize inzira yo kuva mumuriro no kujya mumazi.Umusaruro wibirahure byiza bya kera biratwara igihe.Bimwe mubikorwa byo kubyara byonyine bifata iminsi icumi kugeza kuri makumyabiri, kandi ahanini biterwa nibikorwa byintoki.Biragoye cyane gusobanukirwa amahuza yose, kandi ingorane zo gufata ubushyuhe birashobora kuvugwa ko biterwa nubuhanga n'amahirwe.
Kuberako ubukana bwikirahure burakomeye, bingana nimbaraga za jade.Ariko, nayo irasa naho yoroheje kandi ntishobora gukubitwa cyangwa kugongana kungufu.Kubwibyo, nyuma yo gutunga umurimo wikirahure, dukwiye kwitondera kubungabunga.Mugihe cyo kubungabunga, dukwiye kwitondera ibibazo bikurikira;
1. Ntukimuke kugongana cyangwa guterana amagambo kugirango wirinde gushushanya hejuru.
2. Gumana ubushyuhe busanzwe, kandi itandukaniro ryigihe-nyacyo ntigomba kuba nini cyane, cyane cyane ntugashyuhe cyangwa ngo ukonje wenyine.
3. Ubuso buringaniye buroroshye kandi ntibugomba gushyirwa kumurongo.Hagomba kubaho gaseke, mubisanzwe imyenda yoroshye.
4. Iyo usukuye, nibyiza guhanagura amazi meza.Niba amazi ya robine akoreshejwe, agomba gusigara ahagaze amasaha arenga 12 kugirango akomeze kurabagirana no kugira isuku hejuru yikirahure.Ibirungo bya peteroli nibibazo byamahanga ntibyemewe.
5. Mugihe cyo kubika, irinde guhura na gaze ya sulfure, gaze ya chlorine nibindi bintu byangirika kugirango wirinde imiti yangiza no kwangiza ibicuruzwa byarangiye.
